False friends
Words that look familiar but mean something different. We show the real meaning and the word to use for what you meant to say.
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People and jobs12
- advocatea supporter of an idea; to argue for
- artistsomeone who paints or does creative work
- banda music group; a level on a scale
- chefa professional cook
- conductororchestra leader; ticket checker
- familyparents, children and other relatives
- lunaticcrazy, reckless person
- mayorhead of a city or town
- patronsupporter, sponsor; customer
- physiciana medical doctor, usually not a surgeon
- scholaracademic, researcher
- troopa group, unit; troops means soldiers
Qualities and opinions15
- accuratecorrect, exact
- actualreal, existing in fact
- brilliantoutstanding, very clever, great
- decentgood enough; honest and kind
- dramaticsudden and large; striking
- familiarknown to you, easy to recognise
- intelligentclever, quick to understand and learn
- invalidnot valid, not correct
- patheticmaking you feel pity; very bad, weak
- personalprivate, belonging to one person
- principalmain; head of a school
- sensiblereasonable, showing good judgement
- solidhard, strong, reliable
- sympatheticunderstanding and caring, supportive
- transparentsee-through; open and honest
Things and ideas63
- accorda formal agreement between countries
- affaira matter or event; a romantic relationship
- ambulancea vehicle that takes patients to hospital
- argumenta quarrel; a reason for or against
- audiencepeople watching or listening
- balloona rubber bag filled with air or gas
- bandagea strip of cloth for a wound; to wrap one
- biscuita small, flat, sweet snack (BrE)
- cabina small wooden house; a room on a ship
- cabinetcupboard with shelves; group of ministers
- cameradevice for taking photos or videos
- cartona container for milk, juice or eggs
- cartoonan animated film; a funny drawing
- claysoft earth for making pots and bricks
- climaxthe most exciting or important moment
- complexionnatural colour of facial skin
- concernworry; a matter that involves you
- concretea building material; real, specific
- cottagea small house in the country
- datafacts, numbers and information
- decadea period of ten years
- decorationan ornament; a medal for bravery
- deserta dry area of sand or rock
- directionthe way someone or something is going
- fabriccloth, material
- figurenumber, body shape, important person
- fractiona number like ½; a tiny part
- gymnasiumhall for sport and exercise, gym
- instancea case, an example; a copy (in IT)
- liquorstrong alcoholic drinks
- listitems written one after another
- lyricsthe words of a song
- magazinea publication with articles and photos
- marka grade; a spot or stain
- novela long written story
- occasiona special event; a particular time
- occupationyour job or profession (formal)
- plaida checked pattern or fabric
- policya plan or set of rules; insurance contract
- preservativesubstance that stops food going bad
- productsomething made to be sold, goods
- prospectpossibility; chances of success
- protectionkeeping someone or something safe
- provisionsupplying something; a clause in a law
- receiptproof of payment, a till slip
- recipeinstructions for cooking a dish
- recordwritten information kept; a best result
- replicaexact copy of an object
- resina sticky substance from trees
- revisionchanges to a text; studying for exams (BrE)
- routinethe usual order in which you do things
- satina smooth, shiny fabric
- scotchwhisky from Scotland; Scottish (food, drink)
- silicona chemical element used in microchips
- spectaclesglasses (formal or old-fashioned)
- stoola seat with no back or arms
- sympathyfeeling sorry for someone; condolences
- talonthe claw of a bird of prey
- techniquemethod, way of doing; skill
- traineran instructor; trainers: sports shoes (BrE)
- trapa device for catching animals; a trick
- velveta soft fabric with short, thick pile
- vinea grape plant; a climbing plant
Actions and adverbs8
- actuallyin fact, really
- eventuallyin the end, finally
- insulta rude remark; to be rude to someone
- pretendact as if something is true when it isn't
- realizebecome aware of; make a dream happen
- resumecontinue after a pause; a CV (in the US)
- salutea military greeting; to honour someone
- smokingbreathing in tobacco smoke
False friends in English: actually, fabric and other word traps
False friends are English words that look like words in other languages but mean something else. Actually means in fact, not currently. Fabric is cloth, not a factory. A magazine is something you read, not a shop. The danger is confidence: nobody double-checks a word that looks familiar, so a mistake like this can stay in someone's speech for years. A list of pairs helps you recognise the trap, but it won't break the habit of reaching for the familiar word.
Memorising the meaning isn't enough; you need a new habit. Read the example and spot where a look-alike word could pull you the wrong way. Then recall how to say in English what you actually meant: instead of actual in the sense of up to date, use current or relevant. Write your own sentence and return to the word later. The section is divided into people and jobs, qualities, things and actions. Each page has the real meaning, a common mistake and an exercise.
LetsWords suits this kind of work because it trains usage, not recognition. Add the tricky words to your own collection, switch on English definitions instead of translations to see the meaning without a native-language prompt, and write sentences with these words. The check flags a wrong meaning and suggests a more precise way to express your idea, while spaced repetition locks in the new habit. Start now and find out whether any of the words you feel sure about are letting you down.
Practise English at your level and for your goal. Get corrections and clear explanations of your mistakes.
