饮食在 IELTS 中的出现方式比想象中多。Writing Task 2 可能讨论含糖饮料是否应征税、为什么在家做饭越来越少、学校是否应教儿童烹饪，以及怎样减少被丢弃的食物。Speaking Part 3 则可能问本国饮食习惯的变化，以及快餐对下一代的影响。
主要陷阱是 diet。许多人只把它理解为减肥食谱，因此谈健康时避开它。但 diet 也指一个人通常吃的食物；开始节食则用 go on a diet。讨论饮食可以用 a balanced diet 和 healthy eating，而 nutrition 关注食物与身体营养，如 good nutrition、poor nutrition。
下面整理28个搭配、面向7分目标的例句、常见错误，以及 LetsWords 的造句反馈示例。其他主题见 IELTS 话题词汇。
食物与营养词汇
日常饮食与习惯
| 表达 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| a balanced diet | 各类食物搭配合理的均衡饮食 | Children who grow up on a balanced diet are less likely to struggle with their weight as adults. |
| eating habits | 通常的饮食方式 | Eating habits formed in childhood often last a lifetime. |
| have a sweet tooth | 爱吃甜食 | Children who have a sweet tooth are an easy target for advertisers. |
| home-cooked meals | 在家烹制的饭菜 | Families that share home-cooked meals tend to eat more vegetables. |
| skip meals | 不吃某一餐 | Many office workers skip meals and then overeat in the evening. |
| portion sizes | 每份食物的分量 | Portion sizes in restaurants have grown noticeably over the past few decades. |
| eat out | 在餐馆或咖啡馆用餐 | People in big cities eat out several times a week. |
| cut down on sugar | 减少糖的摄入 | Doctors advise most adults to cut down on sugar rather than give it up entirely. |
快餐与加工食品
| 表达 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| processed food | 销售前经过工业加工的食品 | Processed food is cheap, but it often contains hidden salt. |
| junk food | 营养价值较低的不健康食品 | Advertising junk food to children should be strictly limited. |
| convenience food | 准备快捷方便的食品 | Busy parents increasingly rely on convenience food. |
| ready meals | 只需加热的成品餐食 | Supermarket ready meals are often high in salt. |
| high in sugar / fat / salt | 糖、脂肪或盐含量高 | Many breakfast cereals marketed to children are high in sugar. |
| nutritional value | 营养价值 | Crisps and fizzy drinks have very little nutritional value. |
| additives and preservatives | 改变食品性质或延长保存时间的添加剂和防腐剂 | Bread from a local bakery usually contains no additives or preservatives. |
饮食与公共政策
| 表达 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| promote healthy eating | 鼓励健康饮食 | Free school lunches are one way to promote healthy eating. |
| obesity rates | 肥胖率 | Obesity rates have risen sharply in many developed countries. |
| impose a tax on | 对某物征税 | Several countries have imposed a tax on sugary drinks. |
| a sugar tax | 对含糖饮料征收的税 | Critics argue that a sugar tax hits poorer families hardest. |
| food labelling | 包装上的成分与营养信息 | Clear food labelling helps shoppers make informed choices. |
| make informed choices | 在了解事实的基础上选择 | Consumers cannot make informed choices if labels are confusing. |
生产与消费
| 表达 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| food production | 食物种植与生产 | Food production will have to increase as the population grows. |
| food waste | 食物浪费 | Supermarkets could reduce food waste by donating unsold food to charities. |
| food security | 人人能够稳定获得足够食物的粮食保障 | Climate change poses a serious threat to food security. |
| local produce | 附近农场生产的蔬果等农产品 | Buying local produce supports small farmers. |
| intensive farming | 尽量提高土地与牲畜产出的集约化农业 | Intensive farming has made meat cheaper, but at a cost to animal welfare. |
| a plant-based diet | 主要或完全以植物性食物为主的饮食 | More young people are switching to a plant-based diet. |
| meet the demand for | 满足对某物的需求 | Farmers are struggling to meet the demand for organic food. |
常见错误
1. Rich of
A balanced diet should be rich of fibre.
A balanced diet should be rich in fibre.
介词属于搭配的一部分：rich in。同样有 rich in vitamins、rich in protein。
2. Many food
People buy too many food and throw half of it away.
People buy too much food and throw half of it away.
泛指食物时，food 不可数，因此使用 too much food，不是 many。
3. Bad to your health
Sugary drinks are bad to your health.
Sugary drinks are bad for your health. / Sugary drinks are harmful to your health.
Bad 搭配 for，如 bad for your health、bad for children。更正式、力度更强的词可以用 harmful to。
4. More vegetable
Children should eat more fresh vegetable.
Children should eat more fresh vegetables.
Vegetable 可数，泛指蔬菜时用复数，如 eat more vegetables、fruit and vegetables。
LetsWords 怎样解释这些错误
看表格时，词都熟悉；实际写作才会显现问题。一次练习可以这样进行。
复习 a balanced diet 时，先看意思，回忆英语表达，再写一句关于营养的话：
Doctors advise to eat a balanced nutrition.
反馈指出两处错误：
- advise to eat → advise eating：不说明向谁提出建议时，用 advise doing，即 advise eating；也可以说明对象，写成 advise people to eat；
- a balanced nutrition → a balanced diet：日常吃的食物是 diet，这里需要 eat a balanced diet。
Doctors advise eating a balanced diet.
几天后，表达在复习中再出现，可以改为学校午餐的口语情境。这样逐步把表格上的搭配变成可主动回忆、准确写出的表达。
注册时选择 IELTS 和水平，LetsWords 会安排练习。付费前可以体验反馈。
用于 Writing Task 2
考试风格的题目：
In many countries, people are eating more processed food and cooking less at home. Why is this happening, and what can be done to encourage healthier eating habits?
关于解决方案的示例段落：
One effective way to promote healthy eating is to make the healthier choice the easier one. Governments could tax sugary drinks and use the revenue to subsidise fresh fruit and vegetables, so that a balanced diet becomes affordable for families on low incomes. Clearer food labelling would also help: when a package states plainly that its contents are high in sugar, shoppers are more likely to think twice before buying it. Finally, schools should teach basic cooking skills. Teenagers who can prepare simple home-cooked meals are less dependent on convenience food, and the eating habits they develop at sixteen are likely to stay with them as adults.
首句直接回答题目的第二部分，随后解释各方案如何发挥作用：税收用于降低健康食物的费用，标签帮助购物者判断，烹饪课减少对方便食品的依赖。词汇准确而不生僻，搭配用在相应位置，比堆几个难词更符合 Lexical Resource 的要求。Also 和 finally 清楚引导方案顺序。
用于 Speaking
Part 3 问题：How have eating habits in your country changed in recent years?
I’d say the biggest change is that people eat out far more than they used to, and delivery apps have made takeaways incredibly easy to get. When I was a child, most families sat down to home-cooked meals every evening. On the other hand, younger people seem more aware of the nutritional value of what they eat: lots of my friends read labels now and are trying to cut down on sugar. So it’s a mixed picture, really.
同样的搭配也可以用于自然口语。I’d say、really、on the other hand 让语气更放松，具体搭配则展示词汇范围。
免费练习
- product：供销售的产品，以及日常采购食品为什么用 groceries；
- preservative：防止食物变质的防腐剂；
- recipe：菜谱，不是医生处方；
- cut down on：减少，而不是完全放弃；
- rich in：富含蛋白质、维生素或纤维；
- eat out：在餐馆或咖啡馆吃饭；
- go bad：食物变质；
- lose weight：体重减轻。
从词表到实际使用
表格帮助认出搭配，考试中还需要迅速回忆并融入观点。LetsWords提供对应水平的 IELTS 词集，也可以加入本页表达，如 a balanced diet、processed food。根据提示回忆、造句，LetsWords 指出错误、用母语解释修改方法并建议更准确的说法，再通过间隔复习巩固。
随后用完整文本检验：IELTS Writing的 Health 话题包括不健康饮食与健康生活方式的 Task 2，完整答案会获得针对实际文本的四项标准反馈。注册时回答目标和水平问题，系统会安排练习；付费前可以体验反馈。其他主题见 IELTS 话题词汇。